General world overview

The title of the biggest emerald in the world has become a point of intrigue and contention in recent years.

This coveted superlative recognizes the most extraordinarily large gem-quality emerald ever discovered that has been faceted and polished for jewelry use or collectors.

• Determining the biggest faceted emerald is surprisingly complex since no centralized authority tracks ranking metrics like carat weight, dimensions and clarity. Furthermore, many historical emerald specimens have unreliable or incomplete documentation of their size and properties.
• The Smithsonian Institution long cited two famed Colombian stones as potentially topping the list - the Bahia and Patricia Emeralds. The Bahia Emerald tips the scales at a mammoth 840 carats while the Patricia Emerald is a hexagonal crystal weighing an impressive 632 carats. However both stones are actually raw emerald crystals and have not been cut and polished to maximize brilliance and color depth. As a result, most experts discount them from contention for the biggest cut emerald honor.
• For decades , the undisputed heavyweight champ of cut emeralds was the Mackay Emerald, owned by mineralogist Clarence Bement. Named after previous owner Clarence Mackay, this dazzling emerald carved into a rectangular shape weighs at impressive 128.51 carats. Originating from Colombia and mined in 1920, the Mackay Emerald's vibrant bluish-green color and exceptional clarity has secured its place in the Gemological Institute of America museum collection.
• But its crown may be in jeopardy as several rival massive emeralds have recently emerged to issue a challenge. In 2010, Fura Gems announced the discovery of an enormous 507 carat raw emerald crystal in Zambia which they subsequently named “Inkalamu” meaning lion in the local Bemba language. The Inkalamu Emerald was later acquired at auction for $2.15 million by rare stone collector Regan Reaney who had it cut and polished over three years into an astounding 15,403 carat emerald. Appraisers have estimated its value after faceting at over $70 million. Though falling short of Bahia and Patricia, Inkalamu seems to beat out the Mackay Emerald for biggest cut emerald bragging rights.
• Most recently in 2020 , Zambian gemstone mining company Gemfields unveiled their latest find - a spectacular 5,655 carat raw emerald crystal they fittingly dubbed “Chipembele” meaning rhino in south-central Africa. The company plans an exclusive high profile auction for the exceptionally large and clarity-enhanced emerald after carefully cutting and polishing it into a monumental jeweled masterpiece. Early prognostications hint Chipembele may shatter previous size records when it reemerges on the global scene to contend as the world’s biggest cut emerald.
• The quest  for ever more record-setting emeralds looks destined to continue as deposits in African mines are probed deeper underground and new technologies enhance recovery capabilities. Significant intrigue and publicity surrounds colossal gems emerging to claim the fluid oversized emerald crown. But beyond bragging rights and dollars, these wondrous crystals also tell the timeless tale of our enduring connection to the verdant earth itself.
• As the headline-grabbing Inkalamu and  Chipembele emeralds  demonstrate, African mines still produce the majority of prize-winning giant crystals, just as they have historically supplied impressive stones for royal treasuries across India, Egypt and Europe. This results from fortuitous geological conditions eons ago when shifting continental plates uplifted mineral-rich crust which eroded to form copper-bearing sediments across ancient Zambezian basins. Subsequent heating fluidized the deposits to manifest diverse gems crystallizing in rock fractures.
• Mining these sporadically concentrated emerald pockets requires great skill. But successfully wresting an extraordinarily large emerald from the earth ignites immense jubilation about a legendary find. Lucrative auction proceeds are often reinvested to improve local community infrastructure like schools and hospitals.

Above all, mammoth gems viscerally connect us to the unfathomable mysteries of geology and cosmos forces which patiently crystallize rare mineral atoms into museum-worthy natural trophy masterpieces. If their hidden stories embedded within the lattice structure over eons could be revealed, what wonders might they share? Perhaps some secrets are beyond even the most brilliant emerald green’s fathoming.